Beiok kiln



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. A. SNOW.

BRICK KILN.

No. 483,638. l 'atancedv Oct- 1892.

W attovum y (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

C. A. SNOW. BRICK KILN.

No. 483,638. Patented Oct. 4, 1892.

wit Haws; Ja/fiu gaff 5 W V flttozmm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. SNOW, OF BRICK HAVEN, VIRGINIA.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 483,638, dated October 4, 1892.

Application filed February 17, 1892. fierial No. 421,813. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, CHARLES A. Snow, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brick Haven,in the county of Alexandria and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates generally to brickkilns, but more particularly to that class of kilns known to the trade as downdraftkilns.

The object of my invention is to produce a combined down and up draft kiln that will burn brick in the shortest time with the least expense and labor, and one in which the heat shall be effectually and equally distributed throughout the Whole area of the kiln, whereby the brick placed therein will be subjected to a uniform temperature regardless of the position occupied by them within the kiln. I locate the furnaces, which may be of any desired construction, on or about the corners of the kiln, as shown in the drawings. Leading from the rear of each of these furnaces are fiucs of any desirable dimensions, which extend to within about three feet from the top of the wall of the kiln Where the fines meet. Extending from these fines are small vertical fiues, which extend about one foot above the apex of the first-mentioned fiues, where they enter and pass through the walls of the kiln on an angle, said fines each being provided with a suitable fireproof damper.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a kiln, showing my arrangement of fines. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, parts being broken away. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional View of one of the small vertical fines. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the combined down and up draft kiln. Fig. 5 is a detail view. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the furnace.

A represents the kiln, which maybe of any shape found most desirable, the roof of which is of the hip-dome style.

B, B, B and B are the furnaces, located, respectively, at the corners of the kiln. The

rear of these furnaces is gradually narrowed, as at b.

O and O are fines leading from the rear of furnaces B and 13' up to within three feet from the top of the wall, where they meet and open into each other, thus forminga continuous flue from between the furnaces B and B. As will be seen in the drawings, these fines are built on an angle, thus giving a good strong draft. It is obvious that I may build these fines on a circle, if desired.

0 and c are small flues extending up vertically from the flues O and O to a point about one foot above the apex of the flues O and G, and c is a flue in the apex of said fines, extending upward equal with the fines c and 0. These fines c, c, and c all enter and pass through the wall of the kiln on an angle, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, and open into the kiln. c are dampers of suitable material.

D are the usual braces, which lie against some of the fines c and'c and the flues Oand 0, thus helping to keep said fines in place and stay them against the action of the intense heat incident to brick-kilns.

There are many ways in which I can tie the flues to the walls of the kiln. Hence I do not claim any specific manner to so secure them.

In Fig. l I show a combined up and down draft kiln. The construction for the updraft having been hereinbefore described, I will not refer to it specifically in the description of this figure. Then I build my kiln as a combined up and down draft kiln, the furnaces are put in a pit, as will be seen in this figure, X representing the grate-bars, which are on a line with the bottom of the kiln, and Y rep resents the bottom of the pit. E isa horizontal flue extending from and connecting the two furnaces B and B, and extending into the kiln from this flue E are smallfiues c. E are suitable dampers. The furnaces have airchambers 2. F are rods upon which slides the door f, said rods also serving as ties for the furnace.

The operation is as follows: The fire being started, the heat, as general, passes into the fines C and C and is distributed through the fines c, c, and c thence into the kiln, where it distributes itself equally all over the kiln and the draft draws it down through the brick through fines in the floor, thence to the updraft kiln, I simply close the dampers E',.

thus deflecting the heat into the flue E, from which it is distributed through the kiln by means of the small fines c. When thus used, the damper in the flue under the kiln leading V to stack is also closed.

If any one operating the kiln should desire -more heat than the four furnaces will give, I

may locate a furnace, as shown indotted lines 1n 1, provided with the lines G, also in dotted lines, said fines G to enter the fines C and C,

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

r 1. In a brick-kiln, the combinatiomwith the furnaces, of fines extending on an angle from said furnaces to a point below the top of the "kiln and provided with smaller fines extending therefrom and opening into the kiln.

A brick-kiln having furnaces arranged in pairs and fines extending from said furnaces on an angle to a point below the top of the kiln, where they meet and open into each other, thus connecting said furnaces, and smaller flues extending vertically from said fines to a point above the apex of the firstmentioned fines, Where they enter the kiln on an angle, substantially as described.

3. A brick-kiln having furnaces arranged in pairs and fiues extending from said furnaces on an angle to a point below the top of the kiln, where they meet and open into each other, thus connecting said furnaces, said fiues being provided with smaller fines opening into the kiln, for the purposes described.

4:. A brick-kiln having furnaces arranged in pairs and fines extending from said furnaces on an angle to a point below the top of thekiln, where they meet and open into each other, thus connecting said furnaces, smaller fines extending vertically from said fines to a point above the apex of the same, dampers located in said vertical lines and the horiv zontal flue at the bottom of the kiln, also connecting the furnaces, and provided With small fiues extending horizontally into the kiln, and a damper located at the junction of the two main fines, all combined and operating substantially as described. 7

In testimony whereofI affixmy signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES A. SNOW. Vitnesses:

EDWIN S. CLARKSON, M. DORIAN. 

